Our Fear of Wolves :: essays research papers fc

Our Fear of Wolves Wolf What is the first thought that enters ones mind upon the utterance of thatword? more(prenominal) than likely it is the image of a hairy, razor-sharp toothed beast awaiting the thrill of its next merciless kill. Unfortunately, this stereotypical image has been embalmed within the human psyche of the horse opera civilization for hundreds of years. Most have never even seen a wolf, yet humans fear of the animal is seemingly as natural as being afraid of the dark. Might these fears be caused by the minds interpretation of the literature and stories that have been told over the centuries? For hundreds of years, the wolf has been greatly mischaracterized and it is time to model these out-dated notions to rest.Writings depicting wolves as evil creatures are present in every era of history and began very long ago. As far back end as 500 BC, the Greek fabulist Aesop often used wolves as characters in his short stories that are today known as Aesops Fcapables. Colet te Palamar, a researcher at the University of Idaho, indicates that the animal characters in the fables symbolically represent different values and attitudes, and Aesop uses them to deliver some type of ethical advice or moral (1). Unfortunately for the wolf, In Aesops fables, we saw the wolf portrayed as a wild, boundless animal who is a conniving, tricky, sneaky thief and killer (Palamar 3). Although the intent of his stories was to give sight ethical advice, his goal was achieved at the expense of the wolfs reputation and influenced people to believe that wolves were horrible creatures.The way that the wolf is portrayed in mythology and fairyland tales effected peoples impression of the animals. R.D. Lawerence points out how Germanic Norse mythology tells the story an enormous wolf named Fenris, who was the first son of the satanic overlord Loki (122). The figment of Fenris states that, he was so large that when he opened his mouth his jaws stretched from earth to heaven(Todd 1). As the legend goes, he devoured several hundred people before the gods were able to chain him.(Lawerence 122) This 1000-year-old German legend tells us that the wolf eats people mercilessly and is a satanic offspring of the devil. Take also into consideration the widely popular fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood. R.D. Lawerence states that, The story of Little Red Riding Hood perpetuates a number of myths about wolves(120).

Thomas Jefferson: Pragmatics over Doctrine :: Cheathouse Essays

Thomas Jefferson Pragmatics over Doctrine During the period 1800-1817, the Jeffersonians to a great limit compromised their political principles and essentially out Federalized the Federalists. trance traditionalistic Jeffersonian Republicanism advocated a strict interpretation of the Constitution and an emphasis on an agrarian economic system, the actual policies of presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison were markedly incompatible from their theoretical principles. This obvious compromise of Jeffersonian principles is evident in the Federal governments assumption of broad-based political powers and institution of capitalistic Hamiltonian economic reforms, twain of which stemmed from Jefferson and Madisons adoption of broad constructionist policies. Despite his many compromises however, Thomas Jeffersons intent to dissolve the national debt was to a great extent unvarying. Jefferson and his Treasury Secretary Albert Gallatin honestly feared a large federal deficit as a threat to Republicanism. To avoid this threat, the President sought to diminish the habit of the federal government, and decreased the national budget. These budget cuts substantially diminished the size and resources of the American army and navy. When criticized, Jefferson defended these military cuts as being consistent with Republican policies in that a smaller U.S. Army would be seen as less of a threat to other nations and reduce the risk of provocation, resulting in the ultimate promotion of peace.Unfortunately, the Presidents consistency with Republican principles in matters of political power was not nearly as strong as his resolve to reduce the national debt. nether Jefferson and Madison, the federal government lift outd political powers that the Constitution did not allot for. While prior to his presidency, Jefferson, then a strict constructionist had argued that the government should not assume any power unless specifically provided for in the Constitution, the Louisia na Purchase where America purchased a vast tract of land for $15 million, compromised these lofty ideals. In equipment casualty of the military, Thomas Jefferson had come to power vowing to reduce military size and power. Contrary to those principles, the Barbary War, where for nearly three years the American military exercised a naval obstruct of the North African coast wasted millions of dollars of the peoples money and unconstitutionally violated states rights and strict constructionist principles, in their place asserting an alien un-Republican nationalism.While the evidence found in Jeffersons political and military dealings helps us understand how Madison and him out Federalized the Federalists, an examination of Jeffersons economic policies rightfully proves that in the words on one historian he was the American Sphinx.

Suicide of Vietnam Veterans :: Vietnam War Essays

Suicide of Vietnam VeteransThe deaths that were experienced in Vietnam due to Agent Orange and separate jungle diseases have become well known by the general public. However, it is suicide that has resulted in the deaths of over 150,000 Vietnam soldiers during and after the war. An enormous amount of suicides resulted from what most wad call protecting our country. The Vietnam War brought more than fifty-eight thousand deaths and is to some one of the darkest battles in United States history. If not killed during the war, m whatever believe any Vietnam veteran would return home great and proud. But this is not the case. Many Vietnam veterans have committed suicide before, during, and after the war. Not only have these workforce and woman risked their lives for our country, but now, return different people and can not comprehend whether or not to continue their lives. Many people believe we realise wars, when in actuality, no one does, especially those who serve in the arm ed forces (Suicide Wall, 11-10-2000).The Vietnam and other wars have mentally and sometimes physically dismembered many veterans. Another broker that plays a role in a war-related suicide is the addition of many on-site diseases such as defoliants, Agent Orange in particular. Made up of equal parts N-Butyl Ester 2,4,-D and N-Butyl Ester 2,4,5,-T, Agent Orange made many Vietnam soldiers go insane (Vietnam Veterans, 11-10-2000). This atrocious chemical lead and still today leads to death, deformation, and diabetes. Dr. Joel E. Michalek, who deals with statistics for the air force, was the stolon to notice a link between Agent Orange and diabetes. But the federal government was not willing ...to spend millions of dollars on such studies. Dr. Michael Gough, a retired biologist was quoted as saying the conclusion Ive come to is that there is no evidence whatsoever to support any connection between low-altitude dioxin exposure and any human disease. Some say they will not do r esearch because it is another thing ...that will be think to the health complaints of Vietnam veterans (Kolata, A16). There is hope still. In 1996, Clinton ordered disability benefits for Vietnam veterans suffering from prostate cancer and nerve disease associated with Agent Orange. Eventually, the government will breed more and more diseases for those who served in the war and were exposed to the substances.

Essay --

A Feminist Approach to Susan Glaspells TriflesThe approach being used for Susan Glaspells play is feminist criticism. Glaspells play was written in 1916. In the 1900s women were expected to stay home, clean, cook, and take c be of the family. Men were the providers of the household, smarter, and in control. Today women are more independent. They are running businesses and taking on more masculine jobs such as, firefighters and police officers. Women are even working and raising families. In some(prenominal) households the wife works while the married man stays home. A woman can do a mans job and maybe sometimes better.Linda Napikoski explains, Feminist criticism is the analysis that arises from the viewpoint of feminism, feminist theory and/or feminist politics. Feminist literary criticism suggest that women in literature were historically presented as objects seen from a male perspective. Feminist literary criticism actively supports including womens knowledge in literature and val uing womens experience. It has since intertwined with postmodernism and increasingly complex inquiry of gender and social roles. Trifles was based on true events. In 1900, a man named John Hossack was murdered with an ax while he slept. His wife, Margaret claims to switch slept through with(predicate) the murder. The Jury did non believe her story and found her guilty of murder. Susan Glaspell, who was a journalist with Des Moines Daily News, covered the trial for her newspaper. Even though she did not have any criminal justice background, Glaspell acted like a true detective. She investigated the murder by visiting the farmhouse where Hossack and his wife Margaret lived. She also interviewed attorneys and studied testimonies. Glaspell became very strike with the st... ...what his life was like behind closed doors. He could have been abusive and angry towards his wife causing her to snap. She come to think of it, she was kind of like a bird herself real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and fluttery. How she did change (1074). Mrs. Wright did change. She felt trapped in her marriage and she needed to escape. Her life was stolen from her. She strangled her husband and took his life. She probably felt that her life was already over and it wouldnt matter if she were put in prison or not. Women might see things in a different light than men. They want to please the man in their life, but at the same time they want to be respected and seen as a human beings with feelings. Women today are stronger and more in charge and they dont allow for a man to come into their life and destroy what they have built for themselves.

Fielder Cooks Film I Know Why The Cage Bird Sings :: essays research papers

I Know Why the Cage Bird Sings, a 1979 movie directed by Fielder Cook, is a world-renowned autobiography of Maya Angelous younker during the Great Depression. This movie has been reworked from Maya Angelous best selling novel and the story takes place in a bigoted town in Stamps, Arkansas where Maya and her brother, Bailey, learn up with their grandmother and uncle. The Angelous were African Americans, they had to deal with racism from the infamous Ku Klux Klan and the other Caucasians in town. Despite disdain from the Caucasians, Maya also has familial problems. She travels back and forth betwixt her mothers and grandmothers house not being able to situate herself in eithers home. However, Maya perseveres. She begins school and excels in academics. The play point of the movie is when Maya is sexually assaulted, consequently, she withdraws into total silence. It is with the help of her kind teacher that Maya is mentally restored to herself enthusiastic, joyful and brig ht. She makes an emotional valedictory speech at her graduation where she express her feelings and emotions towards her friends, fellow classmates, teachers and life at Stamps. Her eventful time from her youth to her graduation serve to teach a person to define themselves, not for others to define a person. I enjoyed watching I Know Why the Cage Bird Sings because we learn the pains and lessons that Maya Angelou endured while she grew up. The movie is separated into episodes, in which suspense is created and kept as each episode finishes with a climatic scene. For example, Angelou slowly builds tension around the graduation by relating to the childrens excitement and the parents pride.

Fielder Cooks Film I Know Why The Cage Bird Sings :: essays research papers

I Know Why the Cage Bird Sings, a 1979 movie directed by Fielder Cook, is a world-renowned autobiography of Maya Angelous youth during the Great Depression. This movie has been reworked from Maya Angelous best selling novel and the story takes place in a bigoted town in Stamps, Arkansas where Maya and her brother, Bailey, grow up with their grandmother and uncle. The Angelous were African Americans, they had to deal with racism from the infamous Ku Klux Klan and the other Caucasians in town. Despite self-conceit from the Caucasians, Maya also has familial problems. She travels back and forth between her mothers and grandmothers house not being able to situate herself in eithers home. However, Maya perseveres. She begins school and excels in academics. The turning point of the movie is when Maya is sexually assaulted, consequently, she withdraws into total silence. It is with the help of her kind teacher that Maya is mentally restored to herself enthusiastic, joyful and br ight. She makes an emotional valedictory speech at her graduation where she expressed her feelings and emotions towards her friends, fellow classmates, teachers and life at Stamps. Her eventful time from her youth to her graduation serve to teach a person to define themselves, not for others to define a person. I enjoyed watching I Know Why the Cage Bird Sings because we learn the pains and lessons that Maya Angelou endured dapple she grew up. The movie is separated into episodes, in which suspense is created and kept as each episode finishes with a climatic scene. For example, Angelou slowly builds tension around the graduation by relating to the childrens excitement and the parents pride.

The Social and Economic Benefits of an Immigration Reform

Race and Ethnicity in the United States Dr. Carl Paris John Jay College of Criminal Justice in-migration reform has been a cornerst wizard on the last three presidential campaigns, on Bushs second term and on both of Obamas. It has the power to let go well-nigh an election because it would automatically grant the Hispanic vote to the candidate that commits to the best plan.At this moment, an immigration reform would bring great improvement in the economic office of the United States bringing a bigger workforce nd an increase in creation that would mean bigger revenue for the government. Along with the economical depicted object that approving an immigration reform, it also brings a wave a culture that would enrich the basis of the foundation of the United States, diversity. An immigration reform can adequate to(p) the doors for many professionals that could refresh the ideas of the United States and provide with a different perspective of the solutions out there for the problem we face.An immigrant is defined as a person who march ons his groundwork nation and goes to a foreign one, usually ermanently, in search for an improvement. There be a lot of push and pull factors that encourage someone to leave their homeland. Economic difficulties, religious or ethnic persecution and political unrest are some factors that push immigrants from their nations, for example, some immigrants from Syria can flee their country in fright of a civil war pushing them to a nonher country.The perceptions of a snap off life ahead or a desire to Join their family abroad are factors that pull immigrants to other nations, for example, a Mexican immigrant that leaves her country to reunite with her usband in the united states now that he has established himself better . The economic status in the United States is a shaky one at this moment. The government has had to force itself into shutdowns because they can non come to an agreement on how to invest tax money more efficient ly.This in turn affects the vast population of the country, which is composed of the middle and lower classes. Budget cuts have been made that affect public assistance programs, schools and national agencies and security. The unemployment rate continues to be above 7% without any signs of going below that and it ncreases to 1 % tor people between the ages ot 1 There are over 40 million immigrants concord to the Census in 2010, plus an estimate of 12 million undocumented immigrants that reside in the United States without proper documents.Each fall down on one of these three categories naturalized citizens, foreign-innate(p) people who went through a congress mandated process to become a citizen of the united states travel/working visa holders, foreign- born who undergo a process predetermined by their nations to be able to travel outside of their country an undocumented immigrant people who gain access not hrough the proper measures of the law, like crossing the border without pape rs or overstaying their visas, and are, therefore, breaking it. All of the people above have one goal in take heed and is to provide a better life for themselves and the people they care about.This aspect of life, immigration, has been the cornerstone for many civilizations in the past and it still remains as such. such(prenominal) a high rate of immigration has been due to the great chain immigration. The first people who immigrate pave the roads for those who follow, usually family members. They in turn tell the next group who come and so on. The current immigrant population is composed of Latinos from South America and the Caribbean and Asia along with traces of Europe and the Middle East. Illegal immigration poses a problem to United States and its people.Millions of illegal immigrants are taking the Jobs where an American could have thrived and are getting paid less for it and therefore are preferable to business owners. Also, being that these immigrants are undocumented they are evading tax collection, which hinders the country. Something must be done to prevent this. There is a list of measures being taken right now. Most are highly inefficient and costly hey may even be on of the reason why our economy is dwindling. One of them is that federal officials trying to track the nearly 12 million undocumented immigrants and the approximately 5 millions who overstayed their visas.This in turn is an impossible task with a highly high-priced bill expensive is not favored by the major public. The search and deportation could cost over a whopping $200 billion, not include the man power of law enforcement that would be used for such a task force diverting them from more important duties. A study by the Bipartisan Policy Center that an immigration reform could carry a 4. percent increase in the United States economy and reduce the countrys deficit by $1. 2 trillion in a period of 20 years . Opening the doors for immigrants could help the United States attract individuals with proper skills.These incoming people, hard-working as they are, would not be taking Jobs from the non-immigrant American as common speculation suggest. Instead, they would man the positions that no one else wants like cleaning toilets in a hotel or select fruits in the agricultural field. Immigrants do not compete against the native-born American for Jobs instead they complement each other because mmigrants take the low-paying Jobs that American would reject or not apply to. An increase in population would mean a larger contribution to government revenue, which can be used to fund programs for better education and protect our nation more efficiently.An increase in government revenue can also alleviate the tax percentage that an individual pays prickle to the IRS. Immigrants that come from with enough resources can establish small businesses and create Jobs. By the increase of diversity, there will be an increase in consumer market. The bigger the population means t he higher the demand. Higher demands mean higher production ot itterent goods and services allowing the way for businesses, big and small, to grow and thrive. Immigration is one of the aspects that have greatly influence the United States for over 400 years.

Engineer in Society

Engineers lick to develop economic and invulnerable solutions to practical problems, by applying mathematics, scientific experience and ingenuity while considering technical constraints. The term is derived from the Latin root ingenium, meaning cleverness. The industrial revolution and continuing technological developments of the last few centuries accommodate changed the connotation of the term slightly, resulting in the perception of locomotiveers as applied scientists. The contribute of engineers is the link amongst perceived needs of society and commercial applications.As for engineer definition it is a develop, art and profession of acquiring and applying technical, scientific, and mathematical knowledge to purport and implement reals, structures, machines, devices, carcasss, and processes that safely realize a desired objective or invention. The broad discipline of plan science encompasses a contrive of more(prenominal) specialized sub disciplines, each with a m ore specific emphasis on certain bowls of application and particular athletic fields of technology. The concept of plan has existed since ancient times as mans devised fundamental inventions such(prenominal) as the pulley, lever, and wheel.Each of these inventions is consistent with the modern definition of engine room, exploiting basic mechanical principles to develop helpful tools and objects. The term engineering itself has a much more recent etymology, deriving from the word engineer, which itself dates back to 1325, when an engineer (literally, sensation who operates an engine) originally referred to a constructor of military engines. In this context, now obsolete, an engine referred to a military machine, i. e. , a mechanical contraption used in war (for example, a catapult). The word engine itself is of even older origin, ultimately deriving from the Latin ingenium (c. 250), and meaning innate quality, especially mental power, hence a clever invention. Later, as t he design of noncombatant structures such as bridges and buildings matured as a technical discipline, the term civil engineering entered the lexicon as a way to distinguish between those specializing in the construction of such non-military bug outs and those involved in the older discipline of military engineering (the original meaning of the word engineering, now largely obsolete, with worthy exceptions that have survived to the present day such as military engineering corps, e. g. the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Engineering, much like other science, is a broad discipline which is practically broken down into several sub-disciplines. With the rapid advancement of technology m each in the altogether fields are gaining prominence and new branches are create such as materials engineering, computer engineering, software engineering, nanotechnology, tribology, molecular engineering, mechatronics, etc. These new specialties sometimes combine with the traditional fields and form new branches such as mechanical engineering and mechatronics and electrical and computer engineering.A new or emerging area of application will normally be defined temporarily as a permutation or subset of existing disciplines there is often gray area as to when a given sub-field becomes large and/or bragging(a) enough to warrant classification as a new branch. sensation key indicator of such emergence is when major universities start establishing departments and programs in the new field. For each of these fields there exists considerable overlap, especially in the areas of the application of sciences to their disciplines such as physics, chemistry and mathematics.Engineering is a subject that ranges from large collaborations to smooth individual projects. Almost all engineering projects are beholden to some sort of financing agency a company, a set of investors, or a government. The few types of engineering that are minimally constrained by such issues are pro bono engineerin g and open design engineering. By its very personality engineering is bound up with society and human behaviour. Every product or construction used by modern society will have been influenced by engineering design.Engineering design is a very powerful tool to make changes to environment, society and economies, and its application brings with it a great responsibility. Many lists of engineering societies have established codes of practice and codes of ethics to guide members and inform the public at large. Engineering projects can be subject to controversy. Examples from different engineering disciplines take on the development of nuclear weapons, the Three Gorges Dam, the design and use of Sport utility vehicles and the extraction of oil.In response, some western engineering companies have enacted serious embodied and social responsibility policies. Engineering is a key driver of human development. Sub-Saharan Africa in particular has a very small engineering content which result s in many African nations being unable to develop crucial infrastructure without outside aid. The attainment of many of the Millennium Development Goals requires the achievement of adequate engineering capacity to develop infrastructure and sustainable technological development.Safety is the state of being safe (from French sauf), the condition of being protected against physical, social, spiritual, financial, political, emotional, occupational, psychological, educational or other types or consequences of ill, damage, error, accidents, harm or any other emergence which could be considered non-desirable. This can take the form of being protected from the event or from exposure to something that causes health or economical losses. It can include protection of raft or of possessions.Safety engineering is an applied science powerfully related to systems engineering and the subset System Safety Engineering. Safety engineering assures that a life-critical system behaves as needed even when pieces fail. Continuous changes in technology, environmental decree and public prophylactic concerns make the compendium of complex safety-critical systems more and more demanding. Safety is often seen as one of a group of related disciplines quality, reliability, availability, maintainability and safety.These issues list to determine the value of any work, and deficits in any of these areas are considered to result in a cost, beyond the cost of addressing the area in the inaugural coif good management is then expected to minimize total cost. Theoretically, safety-engineers take an early design of a system, analyze it to find what faults can occur, and then jut out safety requirements in design specifications up front and changes to existing systems to make the system safer.But actually, safety engineers are assigned to prove that an existing, completed design is safe. If a safety engineer then discovers significant safety problems late in the design process, correcting t hem can be very expensive. This type of error has the authorization to waste large sums of money. The exception to this conventional approach is the way some large government agencies approach safety engineering from a more proactive and proven process perspective, cognize as system safety.The system safety philosophy is to be applied to complex and critical systems, such as commercial airliners, complex weapon systems, spacecraft, rail and transportation systems, air traffic control system and other complex and safety-critical industrial systems. The proven system safety methods and techniques are to bar, eliminate and control hazards and risks finished designed influences by a collaboration of key engineering disciplines and product teams. Software safety is a troubled growing ield since modern systems functionality are change magnitudely being put under control of software. The whole concept of system safety and software safety, as a subset of systems engineering, is to inf luence safety-critical systems designs by conducting several types of hazard analyses to identify risks and to specify design safety features and procedures to strategically mitigate risk to acceptable levels before the system is certified. Additionally, failure mitigation can go beyond design recommendations, particularly in the area of sustenance.There is an entire realm of safety and reliability engineering known as Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM), which is a discipline that is a direct result of analyzing potential failures within a system and determining caution actions that can mitigate the risk of failure. This methodology is used extensively on aircraft and involves understanding the failure modes of the serviceable replaceable assemblies in addition to the federal agency to respect or predict an impending failure.Every automobile owner is familiar with this concept when they take in their car to have the oil changed or brake system checked. Even filling up ones car with fuel is a simple example of a failure mode (failure due to fuel exhaustion), a means of detection (fuel gauge), and a maintenance action (filling the cars fuel tank). For large scale complex systems, hundreds if not thousands of maintenance actions can result from the failure analysis. These maintenance actions are based on conditions (e. g. , gauge reading or leaky valve), hard conditions (e. . , a component is known to fail after 100 hrs of operation with 95% certainty), or require inspection to determine the maintenance action (e. g. , metal fatigue). The RCM concept then analyzes each individual maintenance item for its risk donation to safety, mission, usable readiness, or cost to repair if a failure does occur. Then the sum total of all the maintenance actions are bundled into maintenance intervals so that maintenance is not occurring around the clock, but quite an, at regular intervals.This bundling process introduces further complexity, as it might stretch some maintenance cycles, thereby increasing risk, but fell others, thereby potentially reducing risk, with the end result being a comprehensive maintenance schedule, purpose construct to reduce operational risk and ensure acceptable levels of operational readiness and availability. The two most common fault modelling techniques are called failure mode and effects analysis and fault tree analysis. These techniques are just ways of inding problems and of making plans to cope with failures, as in probabilistic risk assessment. One of the earliest complete studies using this technique on a commercial nuclear plant was the WASH-1400 study, also known as the Reactor Safety Study or the Rasmussen Report. Once a failure mode is identified, it can usually be resisted entirely by adding extra equipment to the system. For example, nuclear reactors contain dangerous radiation, and nuclear reactions can cause so much heat that no substance might contain them.Therefore reactors have emergency cor e cooling systems to keep the temperature down, shielding to contain the radiation, and engineered barriers (usually several, nested, surmount by a containment building) to prevent accidental leakage. Most biological organisms have a certain amount of redundancy multiple organs, multiple limbs, etc. For any given failure, a fail-over or redundancy can almost always be designed and incorporated into a system. health is the general condition of a person in all aspects.It is also a level of functional and/or metabolic efficiency of an organism, often implicitly human. At the time of the launching of the World health Organization (WHO), in 1948, health was defined as being a state of complete physical, mental, and social strong-being and not solely the absence of disease or infirmity. Only a handful of publications have focused specifically on the definition of health and its evolution in the first 6 decades. Some of them highlight its lack of operational value and the problem crea ted by use of the word complete. Others declare the definition, which has not been modified since 1948, scarcely a bad one. In 1986, the WHO, in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, said that health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as wellspring as physical capacities. Classification systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications (WHO-FIC), which is collected of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) also define health.Overall health is achieved through a combination of physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being, which, together is commonly referred to as the Health Triangle. Health and working together safety engineers plan, implement, and coordinate safety programs to prevent or correct unsafe environmental working conditions. They march on workplace and product safety by identifying and monitoring potential hazards to people or property.They then apply an go on knowledge of industrial processes and human murder principles to reduce or eliminate the risk of injury or damage. To create a safe and environmentally sound workplace, engineers coordinate with outside organizations, such as fire departments or the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) design and install safety devices on machinery or clothing and investigate causes of industrial accidents to prevent further incidents. They also conduct tests to ascertain air quality, noise level, temperature, or radiation.Once the analysis is complete, they then consult with governmental organizations on how to handle such problems in compliance with safety regulations. Health and safety engineers then coordinate the training of workers on safety procedures using safety equipment, devices, and clothing. Working under the Health Department and the work involves is the plann ing, administration and performance of public health engineering duties concerned with the execution of one or more phases of the environmental health program.The work entails advising public officials or individuals on problems requiring professional public health engineering expertness, including measures for improvement and compliance with legal requirements, assisting in the promotion of public health through application of environmental health practices, assisting in the enforcement of the provisions of local and State health matters and investigations of related conditions and problems. The work is performed under general supervision of a fourth-year Public Health Engineer with leeway allowed for exercise of independent judgment in carrying out details of the work.Engineers also played a relatively corroboratory role in medication until the last 40 to 50 years. They produced instruments and articles specified by doctors and checkup practitioners. There was however an inter esting contribution made by Isambard Kingdom Brunel in 1855. He responded to the scandal of the appalling conditions of the Crimean War military hospital, publicised by Florence Nightingale, by designing the first portable hospital of one thousand beds within six days of receiving a request for help from the War Office. The project was completed in five months from design to admission of the first wounded soldier.The introduction of anaesthetics in 1846 fundamentally changed surgery by suppressing pain. This gave surgeons more time and allowed for the developments of new techniques which made surgery more constructive. However modern medical developments really began in 1876 when Robert Koch, a German doctor, proved for the first time that microorganisms could cause disease. The first chemical agent to attack infection, salvarsan or 606 (arsenobenzene) was developed by Paul Ehrlich in 1910 and although it had many side effects, remained the only means of curing acute infection until the second world war when penicillin was introduced.Although penicillin was originally discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928, it was the innovation and ingenuity of chemists and engineers such as Ernst Chain, who built for Beechams the fermenter which enabled bulk semi-synthetic penicillins to be produced. Whilst chemists and engineers were involved in de bangring the benefits of microorganisms such as antibiotics and vaccines, electrical engineers were march on and applying technology to the benefit of health carry on.Of special merit was Godfrey Hounsfields singular contribution in the 1960s of the development of three dimensional reconstructions from two dimensional (2D) X-rays, namely the brain scanner, later to be developed into the body scanner. Engineering in medicine has been an important and its believed that the role of the engineer in many areas of healthcare will grow. Constant innovation and development is needed to avoid the generations of the 21st century loo king back at our surgical and medical techniques with the same nauseate fascination in the 19th century.The ever-expanding array of medical technologies includes artificial hips and organs, endoscopy (enabling minimally invasive surgery), intelligent prosthetic devices (artificial limbs, hearing aids) and implantable devices (pacemaker, defibrillator), novel technologies used in cardiac catheterization, patient monitoring, and medical imaging. These developments have had a tremendous impact on the medical industry and have led to numerous technologies and medical devices without which modern medicine would be un conceive ofable.Todays activities range from nano- to information technology and involve such diverse applications as microsensors, artificial organs, physiological modelling, genomics, molecular imaging, home care monitoring, ergonomics, information processing, data management, and patient safety. Environment in this case is natural environment, commonly referred to simply as the environment, encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on orb or some region thereof. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by two components.Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without massive human intervention, including all vegetation, animals, microorganisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere and natural phenomena that occur within their boundaries. Others is universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, pee, and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge, and magnetism, not originating from human activity. The natural environment is contrasted with the built environment, which comprises the areas and components that are strongly influenced by humans.A geographical area is regarded as a natural environment (with an indefinite article), if the human impact on it is kept under a certain limited level. In engineering, is more related with environmental engineering whereas define as the application of science and engineering principles to improve the environment (air, piddle, and/or pop resources), to provide healthy water, air, and land for human home groundion and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted sites. Environmental engineering involves water and air contamination control, recycling, waste disposal, and public health issues as well as knowledge of environmental engineering law.It also includes studies on the environmental impact of proposed construction projects. Environmental engineers conduct hazardous-waste management studies to evaluate the significance of such hazards, advice on manipulation and containment, and develop regulations to prevent mishaps. Environmental engineers also design municipal water supply and industrial wastewater treatment systems as well as address local and worldwide environmental issues such as the effects of acid rain, ozone depletion, water pollution and air pollution from autom obile exhausts and industrial sources.At many universities, Environmental Engineering programs follow either the Department of Civil Engineering or The Department of Chemical Engineering at engineering faculties. Environmental civil engineers focus on hydrology, water resources management, bioremediation, and water treatment plant design. Environmental chemical engineers, on the other hand, focus on environmental chemistry, advanced air and water treatment technologies and separation processes. Additionally, engineers are more frequently obtaining specialized training in law (J.D. ) and are utilizing their technical expertise in the practices of Environmental engineering law. Most jurisdictions also impose licensing and registration requirements. Modern environmental engineering began in capital of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century when Joseph Bazalgette designed the first major sewerage system that reduced the incidence of waterborne diseases such as cholera. The introduct ion of drinking water treatment and sewage treatment in industrialized countries reduced waterborne diseases from leading causes of death to rarities.In many cases, as societies grew, actions that were intended to achieve benefits for those societies had longer-term impacts which reduced other environmental qualities. One example is the widespread application of DDT to control agricultural pests in the years following World War II. While the agricultural benefits were outstanding and make yields increased dramatically, thus reducing world hunger substantially, and malaria was controlled better than it ever had been, numerous species were brought to the verge of extinction due to the impact of the DDT on their productive cycles.The story of DDT as vividly told in Rachel Carsons Silent Spring is considered to be the birth of the modern environmental movement and the development of the modern field of environmental engineering. Conservation movements and laws restricting public acti ons that would harm the environment have been developed by various societies for millennia. Notable examples are the laws decreeing the construction of sewers in London and Paris in the 19th century and the creation of the U. S. national park system in the early 20th century.Briefly speaking, the main task of environmental engineering is to protect public health by protecting (from further degradation), preserving (the present condition of), and enhancing the environment. Pollutants may be chemical, biological, thermal, radioactive, or even mechanical. Environmental engineering emphasizes several areas process engineering, environmental chemistry, water and sewage treatment (sanitary engineering), waste reduction/management, and pollution prevention/cleanup.Contribution to society is engineers and scientists assess the impacts of a proposed project on environmental conditions. They apply scientific and engineering principles to evaluate if there are likely to be any adverse impacts to water quality, air quality, habitat quality, flora and fauna, agricultural capacity, traffic impacts, social impacts, ecological impacts, noise impacts, visual (landscape) impacts, etc. If impacts are expected, they then develop mitigation measures to limit or prevent such impacts.An example of a mitigation measure would be the creation of wetlands in a nearby location to mitigate the filling in of wetlands obligatory for a road development if it is not possible to reroute the road. Engineers and scientists also work to secure water supplies for potable and agricultural use. They evaluate the water balance within a drainage basin and determine the available water supply, the water needed for various needs in that watershed, the seasonal cycles of water movement through the watershed and they develop systems to store, treat, and convey water for various uses.Water is treated to achieve water quality objectives for the end uses. In the case of potable water supply, water is treat ed to minimize risk of infectious disease transmittal, risk of non-infectious illness, and create a palatable water flavour. Water distribution systems are designed and built to provide adequate water pressure and flow rates to meet various end-user needs such as domestic use, fire suppression, and irrigation.Most urban and many rural areas no longer discharge human waste directly to the land through outhouse, septic, and/or honey bucket systems, but rather deposit such waste into water and convey it from households via sewer systems. Engineers and scientists develop collection and treatment systems to carry this waste material away from where people live and produce the waste and discharge it into the environment. In developed countries, substantial resources are applied to the treatment and detoxification of this waste before it is discharged into a river, lake, or maritime system.Developing nations are striving to obtain the resources to develop such systems so that they can imp rove water quality in their surface waters and reduce the risk of water-borne infectious disease. There are numerous wastewater treatment technologies. A wastewater treatment train can consist of a first clarifier system to pack solid and floating materials, a secondary treatment system consisting of an aeration basin followed by flocculation and sedimentation or an activated sludge system and a secondary clarifier, a tertiary biological nitrogen removal system, and a final disinfection process.The aeration basin/activated sludge system removes organic material by growing bacteria (activated sludge). The secondary clarifier removes the activated sludge from the water. The tertiary system, although not always included due to costs, is becoming more prevalent to remove nitrogen and phosphorus and to disinfect the water before discharge to a surface water stream or ocean outfall. Engineers apply scientific and engineering principles to the design of manufacturing and combustion proce sses to reduce air pollutant emissions to acceptable levels.Scrubbers, electrostatic precipitators, catalytic converters, and various other processes are utilized to remove particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, reciprocal ohm oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOC), reactive organic gases (ROG) and other air pollutants from flue gases and other sources prior to allowing their emission to the atmosphere. Scientists also have developed air pollution dispersion models to evaluate the concentration of a pollutant at a receptor or the impact on overall air quality from vehicle exhausts and industrial flue gas stack emissions.To some extent, this field overlaps the desire to decrease carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions from combustion processes. Technology is an application of knowledge to the practical aims of human life or to changing and manipulating the human environment. Technology includes the use of materials, tools, techniques, and sources of power to make life easi er or more pleasant and work more productive. Whereas science is concerned with how and why things happen, technology focuses on making things happen.Technology began to influence human endeavour as soon as people began using tools. It accelerated with the Industrial Revolution and the substitution of machines for animal and human labour. Accelerated technological development has also had costs, in terms of air and water pollution and other undesirable environmental effects. Technologies significantly affect human as well as other animal species ability to control and hold to their natural environments. The human species use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools.Engineering is the goal-oriented process of designing and making tools and systems to exploit natural phenomena for practical human means, often (but not always) using results and techniques from science. The development of technology may draw upon many fields of knowledge, including scientific, engineering, mathematical, linguistic, and historical knowledge, to achieve some practical result. Technology is often a consequence of science and engineering although technology as a human activity precedes the two fields.For example, science might study the flow of electrons in electrical conductors, by using already-existing tools and knowledge. This new-found knowledge may then be used by engineers to create new tools and machines, such as semiconductors, computers, and other forms of advanced technology. In this sense, scientists and engineers may both be considered technologists the three fields are often considered as one for the purposes of research and reference.As for conclusion, engineer and engineering plays decisive role in our life. Engineer has contribute a lot with the careful research and development using all the mathematical and science related in creating, solving and also improve our daily life. In existent of engineer also we are aware in the saf ety, health and environment. In ways, engineers identify what is safe and what not. Engineer create something in aided the medical profession thus improving the quality of life.Engineer also contributes in preventing pollution to occur and also find alternative for not destroying the environment. With more technological advancement, engineer have unlimited to what they can do in contribution to the society. Engineer must put forward in mind, that everything must have it weakness and consequences. As such, engineer with obligation to serve the society must have good research and have think all the effect that could have happen before doing anything.

Importance of Measuring and Managing Performance Essay

It is very important to measure and manage employee performance at Leyton Sixth Form College. The consequences if they dont manage performance is that teachers wont know whether they are progressing or not. Whether theyre way of teaching is effective or not. It is important for new employees to assess their performance so that management derriere make judgements on measuring performance will enable teachers to know where they stand and have a clear view on what skills they need to mitigate on. Motivation is important in LSC because it gets the employee to work as hard as possible. t helps push employees to achieve targets set.By identifying areas where an employee may be losing his colleagues, a individualized development plan can be put in place. Similarly, if a negative trend is seen among a number of employees, company controls and procedures can be evaluated to finish these problems at a general level. Measuring and managing performance helps LSC look at employee progress to see whether they are achieving all their targets. Also the importance of managing performance is to pass water good motivation for employees to work hard since they are being evaluated.LSC do an employee evaluation that gives teachers constructive criticism and an idea on what they need to work on and what they doing a good job on. Measuring performance benefit LSC as they reveal the good and bad aspects of a given job. They improve the relationships and moral indoors the organisation. Another important matter is that measuring and managing performance helps improve the performance of individuals to ultimately improve the efficiency and productivity of the company. Which in LSC case is the staff by doing performance developments and appraisals can help employees reach their full potentials.

Coffee Shops Essay

Whenever I am in need to study or just want to find a place to hangout, what outright springs to my mind is a deep brown shop. There are many different coffee bean bean shops around me, but only one is my absolute favorite. My favorite coffee shop is Beca House. Beca House is a locally owned business and is only about twelve minutes from my house. It is the coziest little nook, where I usually spend my mornings onwards class eating breakfast and drinking my favorite espresso coffee drink. After all, coffee is the best way to wake up and get the body moving.As I walk into Beca House every morning, the strong bitter aroma of ground coffee beans drift through the air, soaking into my clothes as I make my way to the counter to place my order. The smell was circulating because the coffee bar is located near the left side of the shop. The first attraction for me was the baked goods. They are tidily placed in the transparent glass cabinet, lining up and waiting for me to eat them all. There were all different types of baked goods want muffins, streusels, cheesecakes, cookies, and biscottis. Up above near the ceiling of the bar, there were an assortment of coffee beans packed into brown bags.The barista takes my order, large campfire frappe, double espresso. On a cooler day, I order a hot vanilla cappuccino. The delicious smell of coffee generates from the espresso machines. There is also a blackboard on the counter near the circuit board with a quote written with chalk that will change from day to day. The barista hands me my custom beverage order, and I stroll back to the front of the coffee shop to find a place to get comfortable. All along the walls of the shop are strategically placed vintage paintings and inspirational quotes.Dim lights excise on the spaced out vintage furniture, making for a very soothing and quiet atmosphere. No two pieces of furniture are the same, big couches, thin wooden chairs, dark colored pillows, and rustic end tables. I like ad miring this type of environment soothing and calming, yet still inviting. In comparison to closely restaurants, coffee shops are by no means a noisy place. The sound of chatters and laughter blends together with the background music playing around the shop, and the loudness is set at a medium tone. Coffee shops provide a comfortable, yet sociable gathering spot for people of all ages. I frequently find peers of my own studying for big tests, writing papers, or maybe just reading a new book and relaxing. The Beca House is my favorite per centum to my day.I cannot start without it. Even on days that I do not have class, I find myself getting my daily cup of coffee at the crack of dawn, just before work. Stopping at Beca House has become part of my daily routine, and I do not see it existence cut out any time soon. I know I go there a lot when the baristas know my order when I walk through the door. Theres something so perfect about it being just me, my thoughts, and my morning cu p of coffee.

Deportation Essay

What has our nation come to? Separating children from their parents. Arent children in America a number one priority? Its clear that sinful immigrants look for an immigration reform is a huge way out, thither are many things holding our nation back from giving the ones in need one. Perhaps, Terrorist Threat, economic Reasons & even Violence. However, its time that justice has to be made for those who come to this field to make a cleanse future for their families. Over a decennary illegal immigrants have been discriminated, being called illegal aliens and mistreated for unless coming to this country to give their family a better place to live. It is unfair how adults are attempt to build up a better life for themselves, having children in this country and getting deported. This affects children in many ways emotionally & mentally.It is obvious that America has been deporting these aliens as easy as one, two, three just thinking about their benefit but not thinking of the chil dren who are being separated from their parents. The government believes retentivity illegal aliens out will prevent Terrorist attacks and Economic issues, when the truth is they are only affecting our own nation. Deportations issue many U.S.-citizen children with unauthorized parents in cheer care, often for no other reason than the undocumented status of a parent, at a damage of nearly $26,000 per year for each child. Nowadays the cost of deporting a single person back to their native homeland reaches tens of thousands. Instead of the government saving up money, they are only wasting it on an issue that can simply be solved if we understood the magnitude of how complicated is to deport people back to their countries.Daily, unauthorized immigrants live in constant timidity of deportation, which creates a large number of single mothers struggling to make ends meet after the deportations of their husbands most of the time. Many families struggle day by day, to make the money the y make in working in fields or as housekeepers. Illegal immigrants are people who are desperate for a better life they are people who are thinking of the better life they can have for their children, it is simply not fair that we deport them leaving them no chance to ever come back and/or start over and help their kids. They are also humans like us that deserve regard as and an opportunity to live and seek for their own dreams. Many people who agree that deportation is something that must be done havent been through or seen what immigrants have been through and thats why it makes it so easy for you guys to state yes they should be kicked out of the USA. How would you feel if other countries didnt want you in their country either? What if the US was much more poor and you couldnt find a decent job anyw present here how would you feel? A sundry(a) amount of people are simply racist or immature, they dont realize how much stress these illegal immigrants have in their back, to boost their families forward.My mom came here for my sake. Here I am getting an education, Im in high school, doing a speech on Illegal Immigrants Shouldnt Be Deported. It has made me realize I have a really good life here. Im a junior, perceiving my dream to go to college and father part of the strategic response unit. My mom is the one supporting me along the way since weve been here, shes a perfect example of an honest immigrant worker who I look up to because she came here to give me a better future. My mom left everything behind in search of a better life for us but also to dart money to our family back in El Salvador. Many Immigrants leave for a whole lots of reasons, jobs, money, housing, you name it. I withstand say, I k direct a few that are willing to do jobs that nobody I know will even think about. So now they have gone through a lot to get here, what have they done? Found a job to provide for a family. Why send them back to something they are trying so badly to get away f rom? If you dont want them to be a drain on society, allow them find a job somewhere and pay taxes, give them a set of rules to live by? Why be the bad guy and say you cant live here we dont want you? Seems kind self-defeating if you ask me. The US helps every country on the orbiter to fight its battles, eliminates the bad guy, helps the downtrodden, but a few people that come across the border is a problem? Immigrants shouldnt be deported when they came here looking for a better life.What do you have against them? Illegal immigrants are the huge part of the economy. If we stopdeporting them we can realize that they target jobs no one else would take (janitors, gardeners, farmers, garbage cleaners, cleaners, nannies, textile mill workersEtc.) They are important labor. Also, most dont do anything wrongJust seeking a better life. If they work, they should be paying taxes like the rest of the American people. And plus, deporting them is only going to cost more money. So why send the m back when they can take on jobs here that other people wouldnt normally do? Not only does it benefit them, it can benefit us, well, financially.This being said, I am here standing up for not only the illegal immigrants who are being deported daily but also for children who are separated from their parents and are affected in major way. Preventing Deportation, and just letting honest illegal immigrants work here and be with their families is what should be done. Taking special measures to keep them here not only for their own benefit but also for our nations own good to prosper and build up a better place for everybody. Therefore, I cant wait for the day illegal immigrants will stop fearing of being deported back to their countries and being separated from their children. I look forward the day my mom could leave this country without a fear of not coming back. I look forward the day my mom will see her family after being here 10 years now. I look forward the day there will be equal ity for every ethnicity.

Key Messages Of The National Education Policy Education Essay

Explain what challenges you think you might confront as a get downing instructor in trying to machine the National Education policy enterprise.National Education ( NE ) was introduced to Singapore Schools in 1997 to develop national gluiness, cultivate the inherent aptitude for endurance as a state and instil in our pupils, assurance in our state s hereafter. It besides emphasises on cultivating a scent out of belonging and emotional rootedness to Singapore. many an(prenominal) programmes such as Community Involvement Programme ( CIP ) and Learning Journeys were designed to assist schools accomplish such aims and the duty of put to deathing these programmes falls on the instructors. As a beginning instructor, freshly introduced into the profession, challenges be approach in the effort to implement such enterprises.In my sentiment, one major challenge that I would watch is planing activities that infuses a sense of relevance in our pupils allowing them empathise that national coherence is a consequence of the uninterrupted starts of every Singaporean, and they are a portion of the equation. These pupils were born(p) in the epoch of political and economical stableness, where bulk grew up in environments run intoing their demands and carry throughing most of their wants. Hence, they have the inclination to take their security and eudaemonia for granted, doing them unable to grok the battles faced by Singapore in keeping the current success and stableness and the demand for NE.For illustration, most schools in Singapore commemorate centre event, Racial Harmony Day through the showcasing of the diversified cultural costumes and playing of cultural games to enable their pupils in-depth cultural cognition of their equals. Yet, a bulk of them treat the anamnesis of the twenty-four hours as an chance for an interesting concert and a half-day school, and few genuinely understanding the implicit in principle behind the activities, allow tout ensemble instil a sense of relevance. Amidst the current racial harmonious atmosphere between different racial groups, pupils are unable to gestate the thought of racial public violences, its impact on Singapore and the importance of racial harmoniousness in a society. They view information relayed through these events as irrelevant and surmise the possibility of the return of such incidents in the current Singapore.It is of a common apprehension that the six NE messages would ever stay as words on paper unless instructors inculcate them into pupils in an piquant mode. Therefore, as a get downing instructor with no anterior experience in the ingraining of NE messages, I feel that the undertaking of planing engaging, merriment and relevant activities would be enormous, with myself holding unequal cognition of the activity thoughts that pupils are receptive to. Instilling a sense of relevance in pupils would be a immense challenge as it is non an easy undertaking to alter pupils deeply-rooted thou ght from the duty of keeping national coherence autumn merely on the grownups and authorities to the thought that national coherence is the duty of everyone, including pupils . Students should be taught that societal coherence occurs because each and everyone put in attempt and play our portion in lending to the wellbeing of the state. The issue is relevant to both grownups and pupils.From my personal observation, about all Singapore Schools repeat the same NE programmes for their pupils every twelvemonth, differing merely at the activities to be completed at single degrees. As such, pupils were bored of it, and older pupils particularly, expressed cynicism, and were unresponsive to the programmes. Hence, I feel that the second challenge that I would confront as a get downing instructor in the effort to put to death the enterprises is eliciting pupils involvement in the skirmish of NE-related activities.Unlike the traditional topics that we were taught to learn in the instruct ion institute, NE is non merely another topic where pupils learn by conventional instruction methods. In fact, pupils understand the constructs in NE better when the activities are prosecuting, merriment and capture their attending. Although pupils reflected that programmes designed by the school s NE com fall behindion were everyday, get downing instructors, including myself, are unable to plan and implement new thoughts in topographic point of old 1s, with bing NE models in schools. On the contrary, I would be expected to mention the guidelines and present a similar NE lesson. As a get downing instructor with limited learning experience and teaching methods accomplishments, I would miss the ability in transform these guidelines into prosecuting and interesting lessons on par as that of the experient instructors.Most experient instructors are able to present interesting NE lessons, transforming the repetitive, dull lesson into prosecuting share lessons while staying by the guidel ines. They reflected on their past instruction experiences, gathered feedback from old batches of pupils, and modified their instruction teaching method consequently to appeal to pupils involvement. Therefore, pupils involvements in NE activities are aroused and they participate actively in it. On the other manus, get downing instructors enter schoolrooms today with high outlooks of ourselves and of our pupils. Our learning method would be influenced by single background and assorted learning theories. However, the deficiency of experience in the instruction field would impact the quality of the lesson bringing as I would be unable to accommodate to pupils demands. In add-on, I would be given to avoid diverting from the model to plan newer, more exciting lessons as I fear for botching the balance between merriment and content. After all, the intent of the NE lesson would be defeated if there is more merriment than content.To reason, the aims of NE could be succeed through approp riate programmes and it is therefore highly of import to instill a sense of relevance in our pupils and to elicit their involvement in NE activities. When faced with challenges in the effort to implement the policies, get downing instructors should detect, persevere and seek for aid to get the better of them. Through these challenges, we would turn to go better pedagogues and in bend, supply the greatest benefits to the pupils.

Importance Of Sociology As A Field Of Study Essay

Sociology as a field of lease attempts to beg off the relationship between an item-by-item and ball club. Sociological theories ar a tool used to explain sociological problems and tender structures. (Blumer, 1969) Societies displace be viewed as organic structures. This was first explained by Parsons and Durkheim as they developed structural theories. These theories can be applied in education i. e. how students view education. Societies can also be viewed as economic structures. Under this concept, falls the deviation speculation developed by Carl Marx.Marx looked at a number of theories that attempt to explain how passels lives are shaped by fond structures. Other theories that share a similar perspective are the functionalist theories. Societies can also be looked as neighborly action. This implies that ordering shapes how mint view themselves. In line with this perspective, sociologists came up with the idea of symbolic interactionism. There are also other ideas th at go hand in hand with this idea i. e. GH mead. Lastly, virtuoso must(prenominal) apply all the sociological theories stated above and many others that have non been mentioned.For example one can consider Medicalisation of societys problems. This can be explained by a number of sociological theories like Marxs theories, interactionist theories and Durkheiman theories. Importance of sociology as a field of study Conflict theory Sociology assists in explaining social change. It helps us to understand what the role of the individual is in changing society. This is best explained by the Conflict theory. This theory does not have only one name con personal credit lined to it although the founder of the theory was Karl Marx. There are various regions in the world where sociologists elaborated on this theory.Some of these sociologists are Ralf Dahrendorf Germany Ludwig Gumpolvicz Germany Lewis Coser and Collins USA gunk Gluchman and Rex UK (Garfinkel, 1967) The conflict theorys main idea is that there exists a constant deal in society and all entity in society is onerous to make the most of their reimbursement consequently bringing about social change. This change can induce in form of noveltys or it may be political. It focuses on coercion by groups and individuals to alter or examine others actions. The theory helps us to understand why ideologies like socialism and capitalism.There is a constant struggle within society for pay rears. This theory can be viewed from two angles. The first angle is a radical one society will forever in conflict while the second angle is that conflict combines with struggle to make up society. This moderate angle is best explained by the functionalism. The latter mentioned theory postulates that every member of society has a specific role to play. Conflict theory can best be perceived as a pyramid. Influential people are at the top and they impose their will upon less powerful people who happen to be the majority.This implies that people in power are taken to be superior and they are the ones responsible for modern day laws, institutions and traditions. This theory can be stretched to explain how morality or deviance is defined. The powerful individuals in society label deeds or actions as immoral if those actions challenge their influence and power. Conflict theory also attempts to explain stratification in society scarce from an individualistic point of view. It looks at individuals needs instead of societys needs as a whole. Every individual tries to struggle for respect, goods and go as well as power these e all very scarce.In this light therefore, individuals belong to organisations that represent their own interests. The theory views organisations as entities that are mostly influenced by external rather than internal factors. (Goffman, 1958) In the theory, there are a number of conflicts that fall under. These include Class Race and ethnicity sexual urge Religion Marx call backd that class conflict was caused by differential ownership of property. However, this theory was later challenged by other sociologists who hoped that there is more to class than property ownership.These sociologists see that this is only one aspect. Racial conflict has its root cause in differential power. According to the theory, superior races are those one who are well enable with power, prestige and education. There are four basic assumptions in this theory. The first is that there is inequality in societys structures, secondly there is revolution as a result of struggle between a numbers of social classes, thirdly there is competition for resources and lastly war exists to unify or divide society.Conflict can take the form of a strike where workers struggle to gain back control after it has been taken from them by their employers. some other form of a conflict could be finished wars. Wars usually represent clashes between social classes. Taking the case of military coups, t his is an example of a conflict between the main population and the military. (Durkheim, 1915) Ethnomethodology Ethnomethodology is the study of how people interpret their social world. This theory has its history back in the mid twentieth century and was founded by Garfinkel who was an American sociologist.The theory is sooner different form other well known theories. This theory is founded on the fact that there is no order in society society is chaotic or has the potential to be chaotic. According to the theory, any semblance of order is created by the minds of actors within society it simply does not exist. This is in sharp contrast to other well known theories. Social order may be defined as the systematic pattern of behaviour within society. It opposes the fact that actions are not thought out and are simply haphazard. Ethnomethodologists believe that individuals encounter several experiences in their lives.These individuals try to make finger of these encounters by placing them into a form of organised system. They believe in a documentary method. Here, individuals simply pick out certain events within a social situation and try to make reek of them. After they have organised those events into a pattern, then they use that pattern as a template to explain other situations that may arise. Garnfinkel used an experiment to demonstrate this theory. He got a number of students and instructed them to ask a supervisor about a number of issues on their mind. The students could not see the consultant but could talk to him.They asked him a number of questions and this advisor could only say yes or no. What the students did not know was the advisor was reading out a list of responses that did not match their questions in any way. It was found that most of the responses did not make logical sense but most of the students tried to interpret them nonetheless. They did not question the integrity of the advisor but they tried to compare past responses with present ones in order to come up with an orderly pattern. For example one of the students thought that he should quit school and asked the advisor this.The advisor told him no and out of disbelief the student ingeminate this same question after which the advisor said yes. It was found that this particular student did not dismiss the advisor but tried to make sense of the situation. According to the theory, the students were trying to form sense out of senselessness. They were trying to turn chaos into order. Garfinkel introduces the idea of index fingericality. This means that human beings have a tendency to index things that occur to them i. e. they always try to put things within a certain social context.They must relate it to other things that have occurred to them before or during a particular scene. For example, the interaction that took place between the students and the advisor followed a certain path because the students held the advisor in high esteem. This implies that if the st udent could see what was happening with the advisor behind the screen that had covered him, or if their classmates asked answered their questions, then their reactions would have been totally different. This is because the students would simply have formed another documentary.People who adhere to this theory believe that all human beings have preconceived notions about their daily lives. This means that if a sudden change was brought into someones life their reactions are quite different. This is justified by the fact that it would be very chaotic if we looked at things differently at all times. We must become familiar with some aspects of our lives so as to be able to Symbolic interactionism This theory has its history in the late nineteenth century. It was pioneered by a sociologist from Germany called Marx Weber.The theory is best known for its upshotivity rather than its objectivity. Interactionists focus on individuals rather than on society as a whole. They perceive human be ings as creatures whose behaviours are reactive or subject to the approval of others. This is because all actions, according to them, are like symbolic actions which are interpreted differently according to ones perspective. This theory also looks at human beings as symbolic objects who can think and react to situations. This means that individuals within a society are active participants of their society.They determine what happens to them. Sociologists adhering to this theory believe that we are not passive entities who must mould themselves to societys rules and standards. This theory focuses on external issues and simple interactions. It cannot be used to interpret deeper social settings like capitalism. It is also quite crucial to note that this theory perceives societys norms as transient and constantly changing. Stability and order in society is determined by negotiations. The systems themselves are not stable but the means by which these systems in society are created is sta ble. (Merton, 1968)The theory therefore points one on the direction of roles played by people in society. The theory places importance in role making and role taking. This means that individuals must put themselves in a certain perspective in order to understand another persons point of view. Studies on interactionism are therefore done through active role taking. This is because they believe that one must interact thoroughly with another party in order to understand the reason why they do their decision. However critics have claimed that the theory is too narrow and cannot be applied to macro situations.It has also been criticised for its impressionism during research methods. (George, 1964) Functionalism The theory was pioneered by a French sociologist called Emile Durkheim back in the mid to late nineteenth century. This theory compares the individual with his/her society and also scientific method of analysing society. This implies that one can be able to study the social world using observation and analysis. It also assumes that studies of society can be done freely and without any bias. Another crucial aspect of the theory is the organic aspect of society.It compares society to an organism. That there are various parts of the body that each has their own function. This is analogous to society and its members. It is also important to note the homeostatic nature of interactions. This theory looks at society as a system that must remain in equilibrium. Any deviation from this is corrected by a number of mechanisms like gossip or even imprisonment depending on the scenario. Conclusion Interactionists believe that social order is continuously remade as people interact. Social order is not static and changes with time.Functionalists believe that order within society exists as a result of an agreement between members of society. That is collective behavioral patterns that are regarded as the norm in society. Again, the theory strongly affirms that social orde r does exist. Marxists believe that social order is created from a struggle to gain control of limited resources while ethnomethodologists mould situations to fit into a certain behavioural pattern. All these theories attempt to explain why human beings behave the way the do either as individuals or as a group on a macro scale. This is the essence of sociology.

High School and Public School Enrollment Essay

In the try on Still Separate, Still Unequal, the author Jonathan Kozol criticizes the educational system practiced in the urban aras of the United States and where he writes about his beliefs that minorities are being placed in poor conditions while the Caucasian majority is obtaining patronage for the schools that the majority of them attend. He supports his personal viewpoints, with statistics which he himself gathered from different schools around the U.S.Kozol starts out his essay with logical system to prove that the school systems of today are separate and unequal by using demographics from public schools from the big cities in the country for example, In Chicago, by the academic year 2002-2003, 87% of public school readjustment was obtuse or Hispanic less than 10% of children in the schools were white.In Washington D.C., 94 % of children were black or Hispanic less than 5% were white (220). He emphasizes on these statistics to prove his point that schools are still separ ate. Later in the essay the author then mentions in his essay that the word vicissitude, cease to have real meaning or, rather, they mean the opposite of what they say(223).Kozol mentions that when he visited in the fall of 2004 in Kansas City, Missouri, for example, a document distributed to visitors reports that the schools curriculum addresses the needs of children from diverse backgrounds. He goes on explaining that when he went from class to class, he did not encounter any children who were white or Asianor Hispanic (223).He then makes the reader connect emotionally by writing comments that high school students and third graders from segregated neighborhoods and public schools made about their different situations in their school. For example, he quotes a letter that an eight-year-old girl wrote to him saying, We do not have the affairs you have. You have Clean things. We do not have. You have a clean bathroom. We do not have that. You have Parks and we do not have Parks.You h ave all the thing and we do not have all the thing. Can you help us (224)? Kozol then presents facts about how physicians were removed from elementary schools. The author continues presenting conversations with people that he met. Jonathan Kozols essay shows how the school system today is in fact still divided and unequal according to somebodys skin color or race even though the course of Brown vs. Board of Education allegedly resolved this.Prev scallywag

International Trade & Finance Speech Essay

International tidy sum is essenti whollyy when cardinal or much countries exchange goods and services. Many countries export their goods and services to new(prenominal) countries and in turn, they can as well as import goods and services from other countries to into their own. Advancements with technology have do it a lot easier for world-wide telephone circuit deal to take place. Communication between countries is a good example. Communicating has vastly improved and helped to simplify the merchandise process. Some technologically advanced countries, like Japan and China have bountiful natural resources and that has a heavy impact on us. The United States is one of the commodiousst contributors to international trade. Our gross domestic product (Gross home(prenominal) Product), is greatly impact due to being huge import consumers. The United States relies heavily on products from other countries and we import more than more than we export.Not only does this impact our GDP by lowering it as we import more than export, is also has an impact on our domestic stoneets because we atomic number 18 buying more from other countries. In go out to Foreign Exchange Rates, it is very important to know how they ar determined. Considering economical growth within a country is important, governments can make certain that fiscal and monetary policies are in place to visualize that growth continues. Due to the goods and services that are traded between different countries around the world, there are outside exchange cast payments that are required to be paid. You leave regard the foreign exchange rate differ from country to country. What happens when there is a surplus of imports brought into the U.S.? Cite a specific example of a product with an import surplus and the impact that it has on the U.S. Businesses and Consumers involved.First, it is important to try and keep imports and exports balanced. However, when one exceeds the other, it is called a s urplus. Having a surplus of imports can create a lower price for the consumer, and have a dogmatic effect on the employment rate of the country where the product was obtained. Seafood is a good example of a product with surplus. There are several states, mainly coastal states that have fishing boats out at sea for many months catching lobster, fish, crabs, etc. The seafood that is collected is used for both domestic sales and international export. This allows for several options when selecting fish, etc at the grocery store. It also increases your selection when out dining at a restaurant.A downfall could be that a surplus of seafood, fish, etc could result in a declining need for domestic pekan to work and this could cause layoffs and cutbacks. What are the effects of International Trade to GDP, Domestic markets and University Students? GDP stands for Gross Domestic Product and international trade. GDP is the market value of all final goods and services produced in an delivery i n a one year period. (Colander, 2010) International trade is the exchange of goods and services between twain or more countries. International trade greatly tincts the GDP due to the fact that is we are fit to have goods produced outside of the United States and the imported for sale at a cheaper cost than if we were to produce here, the consumer demands will increase and therefore help the GDP.Domestic markets are also change by international trade as they have the ability to have products manufactured outside the United States at cheaper rates. This takes away from domestic manufactured product sales and could increase unemployment. On the reverse, it could affect domestic markets positively, as domestic retailers could mark up the products to consumers and keep the additional profit. International trade affects University students in a much different way. retrieve there was an increased demand for innovative ideas and qualified individuals to help keep our domestic markets a live? A University student could be a huge asset there. Also, the higher the GDP, more jobs will be available. If the GDP crashes, graduates should probably look for a job in another country.How do Government choices in regards to tariffs and quotas affect international dealing and trade? Both International traffic and trade are greatly affected by government decisions that are made about tariffs and quotas. Tariffs are the most familiar and most ordinarily used type of trade restriction. Tariffs are most often recognized as taxes here in the United States. Quotas are quantity limits that are placed on imports. These limits are decided by the government.The choices made by the government as it relates to additional fees for imports and limitations placed on the amount of imports directly affects international relations and trade. The positive side to this is that the government has the ability to control trade between themselves and other countries. This allows the United States to be picky. The ability to raise or lower tariff amounts gives us the power to possibly do business with underprivileged countries simply by lowering the tariffs as an incentive. They can also raise the tariff as a means to end relations with a country. What are foreign exchange rates? How are they determined?In regard to Foreign Exchange Rates, it is very important to know how they are determined. Considering economic growth within a country is important, governments can make certain that fiscal and monetary policies are in place to ensure that growth continues. Due to the goods and services that are traded between different countries around the world, there are foreign exchange rate payments that are required to be paid. You will see the foreign exchange rate differ from country to country. Why doesnt the U.S. simply restrict all goods coming in from China? Why cant the U.S. just minimize the amounts of imports coming in from all other countries?To put it simply, it is not possib le for the U.S. to restrict all goods from China. This is mainly because there is an gigantic trade deficit between us and China. China currently holds a very large portion of our nations debt and it would be a bad business decision to try and end relations when we still have a large debt owed to them. Not only do we have a large debt owed to China, the U.S. consumer has a very large demand for products that are made in China. China is one of the largest manufacturers of electronics and other luxury items, like the Iphone, Ipad, Ipod that we have come to rely upon. If we were to restrict all goods, we would not only annul our economy, but also Chinas economy.ReferencesColander, D.C. (2010). Macroeconomics. (8th ed). Boston, MA Mcgraw-Hill/Irwin Trading Economics. (2012) United States Consumer Confidence. Retrieved from http//www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/consumer-confidence.

“Lord of the Flies” William Golding Scenes Essay

In an essay ab aside his reinvigorated Lord of the Flies, William Golding wrote The boys try to construct a refining on the island however it take aparts d let in blood and nemesis because the boys ar suffering from the terrible disease of cosmos kind-hearted. Discuss your own response to the novel in light of this statement.When the boys solely arrive on the island, due to their plane crashing plot on the counseling to be evacuated, they insure themselves in beautiful adjoins, a place which appears to be tot altogethery uninhabited with and them, no girls or adults. While on the island they travail to establish a community among themselves. Quite early on in the novel the reviewer is introduced to the three main characters of Goldings novel, Ralph, shite and swinish, and immediately we ar struck with their contrasting personalities, which shape the way things turn stunned on the island from the truly beginning.As soon as theyre on the island porcine and Ralph discover the conch, a shell that passs some(prenominal) the boys only symbol of hope and democracy. When they jump discover it in the sea, and finally retrieve it, it is hoggish, who first suggests the motif of using it to call a meeting,We can use this to call the others. Have a meeting.This is the first attempt to organise things on the island. Once a meeting is called we cop straight away the contrast in the two boys of which contention for protractership will hang. Jack Merridew appears to be stronger, more outspoken, determined and his strict rule is seen when ruling over his choir, as head chorister. Demonstrating his authority to the rest of the multitude as if presenting them with a warning, viewing them that adept deal will obey him, nevertheless it was unenthusiastic, monotonous obedience, and that he has that power over this small sort out of choir boys. His purchase order of which we later see, is not unrivaled of democracy, un same Ralphs, but a dictato rship, held together by timidity. Demonstrating Ralphs nature and ideas,Seems we ought to declare a chief to decide thingsHe continues to pursue his original ideas of acquire some kind of order within the chemical group, but immediately, after(prenominal) hearing the mention of chief, Jack Merridew takes it upon himself to attain that he should be chief. This complete arrogance and assumption displayed by Jack creates the first tension amidst Jack and Ralph, although Jack seems to have forgotten they argon no longer in a normal, educate environment of home, but stranded on a desert island, in the consume to be rescued. In order to control a fair decision, it is a vote which decides who will be chief on the island, although Jack seems the obvious leader, it is Ralphs authoritative silence and the fact that he has the conch, which seems to win him the title of chief. despite elevate obvious embarrassment of organism declined the right to be chief,Jacks flavour disappeargo nd infra a blush of mortification.Ralph through and through his kind-heartedness and generosity feels it necessary to offer Jack something,The choir belongs to you of course.This perhaps in a peace fling, or rather to prevent later disruption of peace due to get up obvious annoyance at not universe chief. Jack decides that his responsibility of the choir will become hunters. We see that later this is cardinal of the greatest weapons that Jack uses in order gain more people into his society or tribe, by the fact that he has that power to determine whether they get shopping mall or not.Ralph begins to think what needs to be d wholeness on the island, and starts to set tasks and rules. Now apparent to the reader that Ralph the new chief of the group has begin to set up some sort of society, one which is fair, bully and democratic a refining, an attempt to mimic the society which he, and the rest of the group were brought up in and so used to.Weve got to have rules and obey the m. After all, were not savages. Were EnglishThis is a good indication of Ralphs society, the one he wants to try and create as well as the one he came from. In order to form this society they are in need of more rules and practically of organisation. Ralph decides that the most important thing on the island would be the give the bounce which they should keep burning at all time, in order for them to have any chance of being rescued, because naturally a rescue is of paramount importance, for all of them,Weve got to have special people for looking after the fire. Any day at that place whitethorn be a shipThe idea of having a fire burning constantly, is of course a really good idea, but as a lot of the ideas which derive this one, everyone is eager to help initially, but after the excitement and glamour wear off, so does interest in the task at hand and the follow of people contributing to helping dwindle down to almost nothing,When the meeting was over theyd school for five mi nutes then wander off or go hunting.This is a quality example of how things deteriorate within society due to the drop of interest and commitment, but we as serviceman beings, are of course the first to complain to others when something is not done. This is demonstrated through the boys, and in the abolish its Ralph, boorish, Sam and Eric who are left to complete the jobs. The failure to keep the fire discharge is another example,You let the fire outThis lost them the chance they had of an early rescue, because Jack thought it more necessary to kill a papal bull over being rescued. One could say that they were so caught up in the moment, at the prospect of having a relatively decent meal, or at least an alternative to harvest-time, that they did not notice the ship, and forgot to keep the fire difference away or that they were drawn into partaking in the ritual of killing the pig. Ralph obviously furious at this diminishment of responsibility, a task that is not strainin g, yet of much(prenominal) great importance was neglected. One could say that the remainder of the rules Ralph sets up in a desperate attempt to create a society of which he leads as a result of democratic voting, slowing diminishes from here onwards, even if it is in the aboveboardst of tasks. Quite obviously if all members of the group counterfeited together, things would happen much more quickly and efficiently because on the island some things can not be done single-handedly,How could I, all by myself?This is another good example of how people sometimes cannot do everything by themselves and require help from others, but as Piggy said, he was unable to gather all the label of the younger children all by himself, so yet again what started off as a sound idea, failed because of lack of help. I think that this is a good representation of how society needs to work all together in order to achieve things, and that people are unable to achieve this, when they are left to do it by themselves, but because of our natural understanding as benignant beings, we lose interest in what we are meant to be doing, and more often than not to our own detriment. I think that this is one of the things that Golding is stressful to demonstrate to us. But because the two strongest boys on the island Jack and Ralph, failed to work together and reach an agreement, it lead to a break up involving blood and terror, and finally a split into two different nicetys.There are further rules that are made on the island in order to create some sort of civilisation on the grounds of basic cleanliness and hygiene, one of which was that the boys would go to the toilet on the rocks, another was that fresh irrigate would be stored in coconut shells, so it was always available. Both these rules seem to disintegrate over a short period of time, however I think one of the most significant signs that their society is gap down, due to natural human instinct and behaviour, is the twist of t he shelters.I think the whole process in which this happens, alone represents what is going on throughout the island. When the idea is first suggested everyone joins in with enthusiasm, but slowly the building of the shelters breaks down and there seems to be more important things to do on the island as the boys lose interest, then the number of people who are building decreases and with it the level of work and standard of the shelters.We all built the first one, four of us the second one, and me n Simon built the last one over thereAlthough at the end of the day, there were only a couple of the boys helping to build the shelters, it is clear that every one of the boys needed to have the shelters, not physically but emotionally, they need somewhere to call home, to bid them as human beings, that natural desire to feel secure and safe.So we need shelters as a sort of HomeThis need for security stems from their self created fear of this beast, that supposedly inhabits the islan d, and their need to protect themselves from it.As if stepping onto a slippery slope this outlines their rapid downfall, this is seen when Jack evidently forms a tribe like group of hunters. This escalates into dancing, singing ritual like songs, and the killing of pigs on the island. Perhaps the most gruesome of the killing of the pigs is when the boys ruthlessly attack a mothering sow and her piglets. A picture of complete innocence, vulner force and maternal bliss that is unnecessarily disrupted.the great bladder of her belly was fringed with a row of piglets that slept or burrowed or squeakedThe reader is presented with such a horrific and violent picture of the blood and terror, that we forget that we are dealing with little boys, the plain terror displayed by this susceptible and undeserving mother with her offspring, make it very clear how things begin to break up in such a personal manner,the terrified squealing became a high pitched guffawWe question what the motives we re to do this, but even as Ralph said shortly after, he himself took part in the role playing game, by which Robert pretended to be a pig. This activity passes over the boundaries of a game, and Robert is in visible pain, but simmer down the boys stab at him with spears.The desire to squeeze and attenuated was over-masteringThis simple quote could explain why both these terribly abnormal and shocking things take place. It is because human beings are drawn into the sheer excitement of the moment and seem to be pulled along with what everyone else is doing much like what occurs in gang attacks in todays society. There is a lot of doubt surrounding whether people in the gang would have attacked their same victim if they had been alone. This also applies to the boys.Even the nicest of the group Ralph is pulled in and feels the need to join in with the game, despite his original hesitant attitude. This displays to us human beings natural instinct to explore and also the weakness with in us and our lack of ability to stand alone, and that every one of us have this desire to search and explore as well as lack of mental strength but alone the desire to hurt, and how we would pursue this desire, if given the opportunity. We see the boys thrill in killing the sow, in the blood on their hands, and the total exhilaration,He giggled and flinked them, while the boys laughed at his reeking palmsThis is a disturbing image of the boys taking complete joy in killing her, and even certain internal connotations which could be linked to their actions,wedded to her in lustThis is not how human beings are meant to act but Golding tries to show us the disturbing truth. Golding is showing us the results of this terrible disease that we all suffer from, which is being human. He is attempt to demonstrate to us what terrible things human beings do and are capable of. We see it displayed in every day life, in a psychopathic killer for example, whose actions often have sexual links t o what he or she does. Even though we see this in everyday life, people are made to see it in this microcosm on the island more clearly, and a question is asked on the island, one that society does not often ask, perhaps because we are too afraid of what the answer might be,What makes things break up like they do?Piggy does ask this question, because he starts to realise things on the island are beginning to deteriorate. finished this microcosm we are reminded of what is going on in the outside knowledge domain and that there is a war going on outside, it is clear that when the marine ships officer comes to rescue them, that human beings are so blind to what is fortuity around us, we dont recognise what we are doing,I should have thought that a bring of British boys would have been able to put up a better show than thatThe Naval officer says this as well as ignorantly, jokingly asks whether people have died, unaware that people have truly died. So the horror starts to emerge . It is ironic that the officer says this, as he does not recognise that he himself, as a British adult is in the same position as these boys and that he too is competitiveness a war.That the ship that he has come to rescue them in is a battle ship and the actor that these boys were stranded on this island is because their plane was shot down and the maimed remains of their pilot lie on top of the hill, because of the war that he is partaking in. This is why this novel is seen as a fable, because Golding is trying to illustrate to the reader how we dont see what we are doing to fellow human beings, as well as the earthly concern that we live in, and this is because we are human, and sadly we cannot help it.When Simon, the quieter member of the group, goes off by himself, almost as a type of mediation and a search for peace, as an escape from the chaos, which surrounds him. When alone Simon hallucinates, and in this trance, during an imaginary communion with Lord of the Flies, de monstrates how close to the truth he comes. He begins to see whats going on on the island and that it is only themselves they have to fear. All the terror, which haunts every one of them on the island, is of their own making. It shows there is no beast, the only evil there is, is in humans and the only threat to a beautiful earthly concern is humans.You knew didnt you? Im part of you. Close, close, close Im the reason why its no go. Why things are what they are.By writing this, Golding is trying to show the reader that, because were human, it is only ourselves we have to fear, because of our natural instinct as human beings, we create what we fear we alone destroy the world in which we live. All human beings naturally have the power to destruct, and we are the only ones who can verification it.I think that this is what he is trying to say, and has shown it through the boys, through the way that their own civilisation breaks up in blood and terror. In this blood and terror, a war b egins to develop between the two societies, which secern the boys. The one is the original democratic society of which Ralph still tries desperately to remain loyal to. The other, which has now developed, is that of Jacks society, which is ruled by fear and threat. He uses his hunting power against them by bribing them with the fact that he is the one that provides them with philia but, as well as providing it, he also has the power, to deny them of it,Jack meant to refuse meat as an assertion of powerJack unfairly teases the boys with the power he has over them, but eventually he always seems to give it to them. By doing this, the boys respect him, but he also expects them to remain unceasingly grateful for his offering. Bribing them to become a member of his society,Wholl join my tribe and have fun?Jack is offering fun and excitement, while Ralph is still trying to remind them of and grasp at their old democratic society. deplorably the rest of the boys do not possess enough c ourage to stand up for their rights and for what they believe in, they horrendous decided to leave Ralphs group, again possibly due to the weakness of human nature, to go and work for Jack. I use the word work because in a way this is what the boys find themselves doing- working for this graven image like figure, which Jack and created for himself.the chief has spokenHe is almost worshipped by the boys, and now there is even some sort of taboo surrounding the word Jack. This unbelievable, yet real, worshipping of Jack is hard to grasp, yet it is because he is the giver of meat. Once again displaying how weak we as human beings are. Even though Ralph doesnt join Jacks tribe, he does find himself eating the meat. He is embarrassed by this fact, although he is only exercising his human nature,He meant to refuse meat but his past diet of fruit and nutsgave him too little resistance.He loses his will-power when meat is involved because of his hunger, his ideals and morals, seem to fall by the way side for a short amount of time- much like any other human being would do, and he is embarrassed by the fact that he has eaten the meat.This need for food could have been one of the reasons that Piggy and Ralph were involved in killing Simon. But I think the main reason was their natural need for security and safety within a group, after they were left alone, following the departure of the rest of the boys, to follow Jack, they were alone, away from home, overtaken with fear. This fear led them to Jacks part of the island, because they wanted company, they didnt want to be alone,Piggy and Ralph, under the threat of the sky found themselves eager to take a place in this unhinged but partly secure societyBeing human beings they craved refuge and protection even if it was in a mad frenzy of a society. Once there, they found themselves being drawn in and evidently taking part in the killing of one of the kindest boys on the island. This is ironic because this was the boy wh o was going to save them, to tell them everything was going to be all right and that there was no beast,It was crying out against the abominable noise something about a body on the hill.Golding links the killing of Simon to the crucifixion of delivery boy because he too was killed by the very people he was trying to help. But the boys never find out what Simon was going to tell them, because they killed him. This is an example of how even the nicest people can be drawn in, and lead to do unlawful things when under different circumstances, or faced with fear and I think this is what Golding is trying to say. Ralph and Piggy, are quite obviously kind people, but were lead to partake in the killing of Simon, because being in the group nourished their need for security, and as human beings they needed to have this. Another prime example of how untamed human beings can be, and how every person possess this ability to be cruel to other human beings, is when Ralph even though he the kind , generous one tells the rest of the group Piggys nickname,Hes not fatty his real names PiggyRalph betrays Piggy by telling the rest of the group what his nickname is, after he specifically asked him not to tell anyone. This accentuates how their civilisation has broken up in blood and terror and I think this is why Piggy and Ralph go into a period of denial because they start to see what is happening, but they dont want to face the truth. Piggy struggles to face reality, making excuses for what happened, and trying to rationalise the situation,We was scared Anything might have happened.Hes trying to pretend they werent part of it that it never happened. This is so like what happens in todays society, through denial, as a symptom of this disease of being human they try to eradicate what they have done, in the hope that if they ignore it will not affect them. But unfortunately it does, and Ralph faces the horrible actualization of whats happened and consequently fear reigns.This fe ar that Ralph starts to fear increases and subsequently turns into complete terror, after his plugger Piggy is killed, being the last remaining member of his society, is reduced to an animal.theyre going to hunt you tomorrowRalph is warned by Sam and Eric in secret, and hears how Jack and is tribe are planning to kill him in the same manner they did the sow,Roger sharpened a stick at both ends.Ralph is terrified, but struggles to understand what they are actually going to do it him, would they really do it? This complete terror is a result of his own people human beings. He has lost everything that gave him structure and security, including Piggy and now all his can do is concentrate on hiding.he wondered if a pig would agreeIronically in order to survive he is pressure to think like a pig, cornered in a desperate attempt to hide as he is hunted down by savages. It is hard to believe that human beings could cause such terror and inflict it on other human beings. This demonstrates to us, how, when things deteriorate, people lose control and when this happens they do have the ability to do such horrific things. This accentuates to the reader just how drastic the break up in their civilisation is and that how the severity of evil rapidly increases over a relatively short period of time.This drastic deterioration is seen just previously to when Ralph himself is hunted, when the boys with whom he co-habits viciously kill Piggy. With Piggys death comes the complete and reveal destruction of the conch, the last symbol of hope, democracy and rulesthe conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist.This devastation of the conch symbolises the interruption of the comfortable link with any kind of civilisation they might have had and, home. After Piggys death Ralph comes to the same realisation that Simon had come to, that it is only themselves they have to fear, that this false creature which put the fear into all of them, does not exist and tha t humans create their own terror this is because they are suffering from that terrible disease which seems to possess everyone of us, no matter how old that person is, these boys are only young children who still grasp at old memories of home,When you went to bed there was a bowl of cornflakes with sugar and cream.This is a simple reminder that how ever savage these boys appear to be, they are still children and I think this is why the Naval officer finds it so hard to come to terms with what has happened among them, on the island. The feelings of the officer are also echoed by the reader, as we are all human beings it is hard to accept these t terrible things occur as a result of our human instincts.I think that Golding is trying to tell people and to show them, to make them see what human beings really are. This is why it is a fable because William Golding is trying to demonstrate to the world through this microcosm on the island what is happening after seeing it first hand, figh ting in the war himself he proverb the blood and terror, the killing and devastation human beings are capable of and because of this it has left him with very significant feelings and exclamations towards the end of his novelRalph wept for the end of innocence, the darkness of mans heart and the fall through the air of the true wise friend called Piggy.Illustrating how everyone suffers merely as a result of themselves, we only have ourselves to blame and that there is evil, which possesses every human being. Its a terrible disease, which has hold of every single one of us.